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Max Weinreich (22 April 1894 in Kuldīga, Russian Empire, now Latvia – 29 January 1969 in New York City, USA) was a linguist, specializing in sociolinguistics〔J. Benjamins, ''American sociolinguistics: theorists and theory groups'', ''passim''〕 and the Yiddish language, and the father of the linguist Uriel Weinreich, who edited the ''Modern Yiddish-English English-Yiddish Dictionary''. == Biography == Max Weinreich ((ロシア語:Мейер Лазаревич Вейнрейх), ''Meyer Lazarevich Veynreykh'') began his studies in a German school in Kuldiga, transferring to a Russian gymnasium in Libava after four years. He then lived in Dvinsk and Łódź. Between 1909 and 1912 he resided in Saint Petersburg, where he attended I.G. Eizenbet's private Jewish gymnasium for boys.〔(Анатолий Хаеш, Генеалогические сведения в документах санкт-петербургской гимназии Эйзенбета )〕 He was raised in a German-speaking family but became fascinated with Yiddish. In the early 1920s, Weinreich lived in Germany and pursued studies in linguistics at the universities of Berlin and Marburg. In 1923, under the direction of German linguist Ferdinand Wrede in Marburg,〔E. F. K. Koerner, (Toward a History of American Linguistics ) (London: Routledge, 2002), p. 261.〕 he completed his dissertation, entitled “Studien zur Geschichte und dialektischen Gliederung der jiddischen Sprache” (Studies in the history and dialect distribution of the Yiddish language).〔Paul Glasser, "("Weinreich, Max )," ''The Yivo Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe'', ed. Gershon David Hundert (York, N.Y. ): YIVO Institute for Jewish Research (website based on the print edition published by Yale University Press in 2008).〕 The dissertation was published in 1993 under the title ''Geschichte der jiddischen Sprachforschung'' (History of Yiddish linguistics). In 1925, Weinreich was the co-founder, along with Nokhum Shtif, Elias Cherikover, and Zalmen Reyzen, of the YIVO Institute for Jewish Research (originally called the ''Yidisher Visnshaftlekher Institut'' — Yiddish Scientific Institute).〔Mordkhe Schaechter, and Jean Baumgarten (2nd ed.), "Weinreich, Max," ''Encyclopaedia Judaica'', 2nd ed. (Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2007), vol. 20, p. 723-724.〕 Although the institute was officially founded during a conference in Berlin, in August 1925, the center of its activities was in Vilna (today Vilnius, Lithuania), which eventually became its official headquarters as well. YIVO's first office in Vilna was in a room in Weinreich's apartment.〔 Remembered as the guiding force of the institute, Weinreich directed its linguistic, or philological section in the period before the Second World War.〔〔 Max Weinreich was in Denmark with his wife, Regina Shabad Weinreich (the daughter of a notable doctor and Jewish leader in Vilna Zemach Shabad), and older son, Uriel, when war broke out in 1939. Regina returned to Vilnius, but Max and Uriel stayed abroad, moving to New York City in March 1940. His wife and younger son Gabriel joined them there during the brief period when Vilnius was in independent Lithuania. Weinreich became a professor of Yiddish at City College and re-established YIVO in New York. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Max Weinreich」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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